Know How Workers In Canada Benefit From Short Postsecondary Courses
13 Feb 2023了解加拿大的工人如何从短期高等教育课程中受益 Know How Workers In Canada Benefit From Short Postsecondary Courses
2023 年 2 月 13 日，美国东部标准时间上午 9:36 Shivika Adhwaryu 加拿大 13 February 2023, 9:36 AM EST Shivika Adhwaryu Canada
2022 年 11 月 23 日，加拿大统计局发布了一项研究，探讨最近失业的人在使用不同的教育策略时收入相对较高的增长程度。 On November 23, 2022, Statistics Canada published a study exploring the extent to which recently unemployed people experienced relatively high earnings growth when they used different educational strategies.
这些策略包括修读短期学分和高等教育课程。离职的员工多年来一直面临经济困难。 These strategies included taking short credits and postsecondary courses. Employees who leave their jobs experience financial hardship for years.
在重新进入劳动力市场之前重返学校是应对失业的一种方法，但由于经济负担，下岗员工可能没有太多时间进行自我提升。 Going back to school before entering the workforce again is one approach to deal with losing a job , but because of their financial obligations, laid-off employees might not have much time for self-improvement.
因此，在被解雇后，评估重返学校的成本与这样做的潜在回报是至关重要的。 Therefore, after being laid off, evaluating the costs of returning to school versus the potential rewards of doing so is crucial.
此外，它还展示了高等教育课程如何帮助加拿大目前的劳动力。该研究跟踪裁员前 7 年至裁员后 5 年的人员，以评估这一目标。 Further, it shows how postsecondary courses may help Canada’s current workforce. The study follows people from seven years before the layoff to five years after the layoff to evaluate this goal.
它侧重于 2010 年至 2014 年间失业的人，并使用人口普查的行政数据来实现这一目标。 It focuses on people who lost their jobs between 2010 and 2014 and used administrative data from the Census of Population to accomplish so.
因此，加拿大几乎所有公立高等教育机构的教育活动都可以通过该研究进行监控。 As a result, virtually all public postsecondary institutions in Canada can have their educational activities monitored by the study.
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拥有大学或 CEGEP 学位或文凭与失业后更高的工资增长有关 Having a college or CEGEP degree or diploma is linked to higher wage growth after job loss
在失业后不久获得大学或 CEGEP 证书（通常是一年承诺）的个人的平均年收入增加了 7,000 多美元，从裁员前一年的 35,900 美元增加到五年后的 43,100 美元。 Individuals who got a college or CEGEP credential (typically a one-year commitment) shortly after job loss saw their average yearly earnings increase by more than $7,000, from $35,900 one year before to the layoff to $43,100 five years afterwards.
同样，获得大学或 CEGEP 证书（通常是两年或三年承诺）的个人在同一时期的年薪增加了近 10,000 美元（从 34,200 美元增加到 43,800 美元）。 Likewise, individuals who earned a college or CEGEP credential (typically a two- or three-year commitment) had a nearly $10,000 rise in annual wages over the same time period (from $34,200 to $43,800).
相比之下，获得比证书或文凭短的微型证书的失业工人的收入增加相对较小，约为 1,300 美元。 In comparison, displaced workers who obtained a micro-credential, which is shorter than a certificate or diploma, had a relatively minor gain in earnings, around $1,300.
完成微型证书的失业工人的收入增长略低于未返回学校的失业工人。 The earnings increase for displaced workers who completed a micro-credential was slightly lower than for displaced workers who did not return to school.
尽管如此，后一组的平均年收入增加了近 2,400 美元，从失业前一年的 48,700 美元增加到五年后的 51,100 美元。 Nevertheless, the latter group’s average annual earnings increased by nearly $2,400, rising from $48,700 one year before job loss to $51,100 five years afterwards.
在考虑了其他因素的影响后，例如失业前不同群体的失业工人的个人特征、工作特征、收入水平和收入增长率的变化，所有研究的结论都是成立的。 After accounting for the influence of other factors, such as changes in personal traits, job characteristics, earnings levels, and earnings growth rates reported among diverse groups of displaced workers before job loss, all of the study’s conclusions held up.
科学、技术、工程、数学和健康专业的毕业生失业后薪资涨幅最高 Graduates in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and health programs had the highest salary rise after job loss
失业后，完成科学、技术、工程和数学 (STEM) 或健康相关领域的短期课程（微证书、证书或文凭）的人的工资增长速度明显快于其他毕业生。 Following a job loss, persons who completed short programs (a micro-credential, certificate, or diploma) in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics- (STEM) or Health-related areas had considerably quicker wages rise than other graduates.
完成短期 STEM 或健康相关计划的流离失所工人的平均年收入增加了近 12,000 美元，从裁员前一年的 36,100 美元增加到五年后的 47,700 美元。 Displaced workers who completed short STEM or health-related programs saw their average annual earnings increase by nearly $12,000, from $36,100 one year before the layoff to $47,700 five years later.
另一方面，那些从其他领域的短期课程毕业的人的平均工资在整个时间内增加了 3,000 美元，略高于那些没有返回学校的人（+ 2,400 美元）。 On the other hand, those who graduated from short programs in other fields experienced a $3,000 gain in average wages throughout the time, somewhat ahead of those who did not return to school (+$2,400).
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没有高等教育证书的入学与失业后更高的工资无关 Enrollment with no postsecondary credential is not associated with greater wages after job loss
许多选择重返学校的工人要么没有完成他们的课程，要么开始时承诺较低，例如独立学分（与学位或证书无关）、基本技能培训或高中升级。 Many workers who choose to return to school either did not complete their program or began with lower commitments, such as independent credits (not related to a degree or credential), basic skills training, or high school upgrading.
这可能是由于失业后的紧迫财务义务。 It could have been due to pressing financial obligations after a job loss.
采用这些策略的流离失所工人的工资增长并不比没有返回学校的流离失所工人更高。 Displaced workers who adopted these strategies did not enjoy higher wage growth than displaced workers who did not return to school.
返回进行基本技能培训或高中升级的个人在失业前一年和五年后收入下降。 Individuals who returned for basic skills training or high school upgrading saw a drop in earnings one year before job loss and five years later.
这种减少可能代表该群体在重新进入劳动力市场时遭受的技能限制，这在研究中无法说明。 Such a reduction could represent skill limitations suffered by this group upon re-entry into the labour market, which could not be accounted for in the study.
失业后重返学校并不是一个常见的选择 Returning to school is not a common option after a job loss
尽管失业后重返学校有潜在的经济利益，但大多数失业工人并没有实施这一行动计划。 Despite the potential economic benefits of returning to school after losing a job, most displaced workers did not pursue this plan of action.
根据加拿大统计局最近的一项研究，在 2009 年经济衰退期间失去工作的工人中有 4.0% 在那一年重返学校，而在所有工人中这一比例为 1.9%。 According to a recent Statistics Canada research, 4.0 percent of workers who lost their jobs during the recession in 2009 returned to school that year, compared to 1.9 percent of all workers.
到 2018 年，在 2009 年经济衰退期间被解雇的工人中有 14.1% 重返学校，而其他人的这一比例为 9.8%。 By 2018, 14.1% of workers who had been laid off during the 2009 recession had returned to school, compared to 9.8% of others.
因此，该研究表明，失业后重返学校可能会带来更高的工资增长。 As a result, the study shows that returning to school after a job loss may result in a higher wage increase.
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