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Alberta intervenes in firearms lawsuits

12 Jan 2023
  • 要闻速览 Quick facts
  • 相关信息 Related information
  • 相关新闻 Related news

2022 年 9 月 26 日，阿尔伯塔省司法部长兼总检察长宣布，该省将寻求在六起正在进行的诉讼中推进法律论证，这些诉讼涉及与联邦枪支禁令相关的宪法和非宪法法律问题。On September 26, 2022, Alberta’s Minister of Justice and Attorney General announced that the province would seek to advance legal arguments in six ongoing lawsuits concerning constitutional and non-constitutional legal issues related to the federal firearms ban.

2023 年 1 月 11 日，联邦法院授予艾伯塔省干预违宪问题的权力。联邦政府告知联邦法院，在法院要求他们反对干预的那一天，他们不会反对艾伯塔省的申请。On January 11, 2023, the Federal Court granted Alberta the ability to intervene on the non-constitutional issues. The Federal government advised the Federal Court they would not oppose Alberta’s application the day their opposition to the intervention was required by the court.

“联邦枪支禁令将数十万持有联邦政府任意禁止的枪支的守法加拿大人定为犯罪——仅仅因为枪支的‘风格’被加拿大公共安全部的官僚认为在美学上令人不快.我很高兴艾伯塔省有机会在法庭上为数以万计受到这项禁令影响的艾伯塔人辩护。”“The federal firearms ban criminalizes hundreds of thousands of law-abiding Canadians who are in possession of firearms that the federal government has arbitrarily banned – simply because the ‘style’ of the firearm was deemed to be aesthetically displeasing by bureaucrats in Public Safety Canada. I am pleased that Alberta has been granted an opportunity to defend the tens of thousands of Albertans who are personally affected by this ban in a court of law.”

Tyler Shandro，司法部长_Tyler Shandro, Minister of Justice_

各省有自动干预宪法事务的权利。在非宪法问题上，各省必须征求法院的许可。Provinces have the automatic right to intervene on constitutional matters.  On non-constitutional issues, provinces must seek the permission of the court.

这些诉讼提出了重大公共利益问题，涉及加拿大合法拥有枪支、对《刑法》的正确解释，以及授予加拿大总督会同理事会的监管制定权的范围。通过干预，艾伯塔省将能够辩称联邦政府的立法超出了其管辖范围，并将侵犯该省守法枪支社区的权利。The lawsuits raise questions of significant public interest respecting the lawful ownership of firearms in Canada, the proper interpretation of the Criminal Code, and the scope of the regulatory making powers granted to Canada’s Governor in Council. By intervening, Alberta will be able to argue that the federal government’s legislation is an overreach of its jurisdiction and will infringe on the rights of the province’s law-abiding firearms community.

“联邦政府的立法修正案将导致负责任的枪支拥有者在没有改善公共安全的情况下失去财产。我已敦促联邦政府重新考虑这些修正案，并将继续倡导保护公共安全和财产权的法律。”“The federal government’s legislative amendments would result in responsible firearms owners losing their property without improving public safety. I have urged the federal government to reconsider these amendments, and will continue to advocate for laws that protect both public safety and property rights.”

Teri Bryant，首席枪械官__Teri Bryant, chief firearms officer

艾伯塔省将于 2 月初向联邦法院提交书面论据。这些诉讼定于 2023 年 4 月 11 日至 20 日开庭审理。Alberta will submit its written argument to the federal court in early February. The lawsuits are scheduled to be heard April 11 to 20, 2023.

要闻速览Quick facts

  • 艾伯塔省有 340,245 名拥有/收购许可证持有人。 There are 340,245 possession/acquisition licence holders in Alberta.

  • 艾伯塔人拥有联邦政府限制或禁止的枪支数量第二多。 Albertans own the second highest number of firearms classified as restricted or prohibited by the federal government.

  • 联邦枪支禁令的目标是在艾伯塔省没收大约 30,000 支枪支。 The federal firearms ban targets an estimated 30,000 firearms for confiscation in Alberta.

  • 艾伯塔省有 127 个经批准的射击场和 680 多家枪支相关企业。 There are 127 approved shooting ranges and more than 680 firearms related businesses in Alberta.

*平均每年有 30,000 名艾伯塔人完成强制性枪支安全课程培训，作为获得枪支执照的第一步。到 2021 年，这一数字跃升至 38,000 支，表明该省合法枪支拥有量呈显着上升趋势。 On average, an additional 30,000 Albertans complete mandatory firearms safety course training annually, as a first step to obtaining their firearms licence. In 2021, that number jumped to 38,000, indicating a significant upward trend in legal gun ownership in the province.

  • 干预者参与法律程序，因此他们可以就法庭审理的法律问题提供有用且独特的意见。 An intervener participates in a legal proceeding so they can provide useful and unique submissions regarding the determination of legal issues before the courts.

  • 目前的司法复核包括： The current judicial reviews include:

  • Cassandra Parker 和 K.K.S Tactical Supplies Ltd. V Canada (AG) * Cassandra Parker and K.K.S Tactical Supplies Ltd. V Canada (AG)

  • 加拿大枪支权利联盟等。诉加拿大 (AG) * Canadian Coalition for Firearms Rights et al. v Canada (AG)

  • John Hipwell 诉加拿大 (AG) * John Hipwell v Canada (AG)

  • Michael Doherty 等人诉加拿大 (AG) * Michael Doherty et al v Canada (AG)

  • Christine Generoux 等人。诉加拿大 (AG) * Christine Generoux et al. v Canada (AG)

  • Jennifer Eichenberg 等人诉加拿大 (AG) * Jennifer Eichenberg et al v Canada (AG)

相关信息Related information

  • 阿尔伯塔首席枪支办公室 Alberta Chief Firearms Office

相关新闻Related news

  • 艾伯塔省寻求介入枪支诉讼（2022 年 9 月 26 日） Alberta seeks to intervene in firearms lawsuits (September 26, 2022)
  • 挑战联邦枪支没收计划（2022 年 9 月 26 日） Challenging the federal firearms confiscation program (September 26, 2022)
  • 各省反对联邦使用警察资源（2022 年 10 月 14 日） Provinces oppose federal use of police resources (October 14, 2022)

FCGvisa translated, alberta.ca All Rights Reserved.

Redesigning Alberta’s Legislature Grounds

12 Jan 2023
  • 有你的发言权 Have Your Say
  • 要闻速览 Quick Facts
  • 相关信息 Related information
  • 相关新闻 Related news
  • 多媒体 Multimedia

每年，数以万计的艾伯塔人都会到立法机关场地野餐、在泳池里游泳、散步，并参加社区、教育和宗教活动。Every year, tens of thousands of Albertans visit the Legislature grounds to picnic, wade in the pools, walk, and attend community, educational, and religious events.

为了帮助游客继续在场地上留下持久的回忆，艾伯塔省政府正准备翻新立法机关的北广场场地。该项目将改善水景周围的人行道和混凝土平台，翻新倒影池和装饰性圆顶喷泉，并全面重新设计阶梯式浅水池。To help visitors continue to create lasting memories on the grounds, Alberta’s government is preparing to renovate the north plaza grounds of the Legislature. The project will improve the walkways and concrete decking around the water features, refurbish the reflecting pool and ornamental dome fountain, and completely redesign the terraced wading pool.

艾伯塔人将被要求从梯田浅水池区域的三个不同概念中选择他们最喜欢的设计，包括对他们来说最重要的元素和特征。此反馈将有助于为最终设计提供信息。Albertans will be asked to choose their favourite design from three different concepts for the terraced wading pool area, including which elements and features are the most important to them. This feedback will help to inform the final design.

“我们正在确保所有艾伯塔人都能访问和享受立法机关的水景设施，方便、安全和有趣。我很高兴看到艾伯塔人为我们的新浅水池选择的方向。”“We are ensuring that the Legislature water features are accessible, safe, and fun for all Albertans to visit and enjoy. I am excited to see the direction Albertans choose for our new wading pool.”

_ 副总理兼基础设施部长 Nathan Neudorf _Nathan Neudorf, Deputy Premier and Minister of Infrastructure

“参观立法机关场地的游泳池和喷泉是许多艾伯塔人的夏季亮点，我很高兴这个项目在设计过程中考虑了艾伯塔人的意见。”“Visiting the pools and fountains at the Legislature grounds are a summer highlight for many Albertans, and I am thrilled that this project is taking the input of Albertans into consideration as part of the design process.”

Nathan Cooper，艾伯塔省立法议会议长__Nathan Cooper, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta

有你的发言权Have Your Say

艾伯塔省政府鼓励每个人审视这三个设计概念并完成一项简短的调查，以突出他们最喜欢的设计和对他们来说重要的功能。Alberta’s government is encouraging everyone to look at the three design concepts and complete a short survey to highlight their favourite design and the features that are important to them.

从 1 月 12 日到 27 日，艾伯塔人可以在线提供意见。此外，艾伯塔人可以通过位于立法机关场地周围的海报板上的二维码访问相同的调查。From January 12 to 27, Albertans can provide their input online.  Additionally, Albertans can access the same survey via QR codes from poster boards located around the Legislature grounds.

此次参与的结果将在梯田浅水池区域开始施工之前进行汇编并在线发布。The results of this engagement will be compiled and posted online prior to the start of construction on the terraced wading pool area.

要闻速览Quick Facts

  • 由于 COVID-19 大流行以及机械系统和公共安全问题，自 2020 年以来，圆顶喷泉、倒影池和浅水池已对公众关闭。 The dome fountain and reflecting and wading pools have been closed to the public since 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and mechanical system and public safety issues.

  • 投资 2000 万加元用于更新或更换艾伯塔省立法机构的水景和人行道 $20 million is being invested into renewing or replacing the Alberta legislature grounds water features and walkways

  • 1000 万加元来自艾伯塔省政府的 2022 年预算资本计划 * $10 million through the Alberta government’s Budget 2022 Capital Plan

  • 1000 万加元来自加拿大基础设施投资计划 (ICIP)，其中 800 万加元来自加拿大政府，200 万加元来自艾伯塔省政府 * $10 million through the Investing in Canada Infrastructure Program (ICIP), with $8 million from the Government of Canada and $2 million from the Alberta government

  • 该项目的建设预计将于 2023 年春季开始，预计于 2024 年完工。 Construction for this project is anticipated to begin in spring 2023, with completion expected in 2024.

相关信息Related information

  • 立法机关以改善参与为由 Legislature grounds improvement engagement

相关新闻Related news

  • 艾伯塔省立法机构的新水景（2022 年 5 月 27 日） New water features for Alberta legislature (May 27, 2022)

多媒体Multimedia

*立法机关改善参与视频 Legislature grounds improvement engagement video

FCGvisa translated, alberta.ca All Rights Reserved.

Supplying energy to Japan: Letter from Premier Smith

12 Jan 2023

尊敬的特鲁多总理，Dear Prime Minister Trudeau,

我欢迎日本首相岸田文雄访问加拿大，讨论包括能源安全在内的全球安全问题。鉴于艾伯塔省与日本在文化和经济上的紧密融合，以及我们在向世界提供负责任的能源方面的作用，我敦促您提出艾伯塔省向日本提供负担得起的、可持续的和可靠的能源的强烈愿望。I welcome the visit to Canada by Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida to discuss global security issues, including energy security. Given Alberta’s close cultural and economic integration with Japan and given our role in supplying responsible energy to the world, I urge you to raise Alberta’s strong desire to supply affordable, sustainable and reliable energy to Japan.

艾伯塔省与日本在联邦和国家以下各级有着深厚、长期的关系，其中一直包括在能源问题上的重要参与。 2021 年 11 月，阿尔伯塔省与日本石油、天然气和金属国家公司 (JOGMEC) 签署了谅解备忘录 (MOU)，以扩大阿尔伯塔省能源部门的市场准入，并重申对自然资源合作与开发的承诺，包括加强合作氢、氨和碳捕获、利用和储存等环境技术。 WestJet 最近宣布卡尔加里和东京之间的直飞航班进一步强调了这种关系的持久性。Alberta has a deep, long-standing relationship with Japan at both the federal and subnational levels, which has always included significant engagement on energy issues. In November 2021, Alberta signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC), to expand market access for Alberta’s energy sector, and renewed a commitment to natural resource cooperation and development, including improving cooperation on environmental technologies like hydrogen, ammonia and carbon capture, utilization and storage.  WestJet’s recent announcement of direct flights between Calgary and Tokyo further underscores the enduring nature of the relationship.

日本是全球第二大液化天然气 (LNG) 进口国，2021 年其液化天然气进口总量的近 10% 来自俄罗斯，鉴于乌克兰的持续冲突，这带来了重大挑战。艾伯塔省很自豪能成为全球最负责任的石油和天然气生产商之一，我们可以成为我们全球盟友的首选供应商。我们无与伦比的能源资源、对减排的承诺以及与日本的历史联系使我们成为日本努力将其液化天然气供应多样化到由一个重要盟友负责任地开发的国家的关键贡献者。Japan is the second largest global importer of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and nearly 10% of its total LNG imports in 2021 originated from Russia, presenting significant challenges given the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. Alberta is proud to be one of the most responsible producers of oil and gas globally and we can be the supplier of choice for our global allies. Our unparalleled energy resources, commitment to emissions reduction and historical connections with Japan position us to be a key contributor to Japan’s efforts to diversify its LNG supply to one that is responsibly developed by a key ally.

正是在这种背景下，我很受鼓舞地听到副总理弗里兰以我们民主伙伴的经济安全的名义承诺快速跟踪能源和采矿项目。我敢肯定，对于热衷于与我们合作以获取和开发我们的资源的国际盟友和合作伙伴来说，这同样是个好消息。艾伯塔省认为，将负责任生产的能源运输到日本和其他盟国是一个强有力的商业案例。It is within this context that I was encouraged to hear Deputy Prime Minister Freeland commit to fast-tracking energy and mining projects in the name of economic security for our democratic partners. I am certain that it is equally welcome news to our international allies and partners who are keen to work with us to access and develop our resources.  Alberta believes there is a strong business case for shipping responsibly produced energy to Japan and other allies.

艾伯塔省通过政府和行业在减少温室气体 (GHG) 排放方面处于领先地位。艾伯塔省的能源公司承诺投资 240 亿美元用于项目，以帮助到 2030 年将运营产生的年度温室气体排放量减少 2200 万吨，并实现到 2050 年实现净零排放的目标。例如，Air Products 耗资数十亿美元的具有里程碑意义的净零排放氢能源综合设施将使阿尔伯塔成为加拿大氢经济的中心，陶氏化学将在其位于萨斯喀彻温堡的工厂建造世界上第一个净零碳排放综合聚乙烯综合设施。Alberta, both through government and industry, is leading the way on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.  Alberta’s energy firms are committing to invest $24 billion on projects to help reduce annual GHG emissions from operations by 22 million tonnes by 2030 and achieve a goal of net-zero by 2050.   Examples include Air Products’ multi-billion-dollar landmark net-zero hydrogen energy complex that will make Alberta the centre of Canada’s hydrogen economy and Dow’s construction of the world’s first net-zero carbon emission integrated polyethylene complex at its site in Fort Saskatchewan.

艾伯塔省还被公认为石油和天然气行业健全和实用监管的领导者。根据 2021 年的报告年度，艾伯塔省已经将石油和天然气行业的甲烷排放量从 2014 年的基线减少了 44%，远远超过了我们到 2025 年至少减少 45% 的目标。我们继续推动进一步的改进和机会，以推动更深层次的削减。石油和天然气甲烷排放的管理是加拿大最伟大的气候成功案例之一，作为该领域的行业领导者，艾伯塔省可以与日本分享很多经验教训。Alberta is also recognized as a leader in sound and practical regulation of our oil and gas industry.  Based on the 2021 reporting year, Alberta has already reduced methane emissions from the oil and gas sector by 44 percent from the 2014 baseline – well ahead of our goal of at least 45 percent by 2025.  We continue to push for additional improvements and opportunities to drive deeper reductions.  The management of oil and gas methane emissions is one of Canada’s greatest climate success stories, and as an industry-leader in this area, there is much that Alberta can share with Japan on lessons learned.

至关重要的是，加拿大在世界能源舞台上保持强大的影响力，防止专制统治者不关心其能源生产对环境和人类的影响来填补真空。将我们定位为向世界提供负责任生产能源的首选供应商，这对我们的盟友和所有加拿大人都有好处。It is critical that Canada maintain a strong presence on the world energy stage, preventing despotic rulers with little concern for the environmental and human impacts of their energy production to fill the vacuum. Positioning ourselves to be the preferred supplier of responsibly produced energy to the world is good for our allies and good for all Canadians.

由于各省是自身自然资源的所有者和管理者，任何有关潜在能源出口的讨论都必须让受影响的省份充分参与。阿尔伯塔很乐意帮助联邦政府制定商业案例，并参与与日本的谅解备忘录的制定，以增加阿尔伯塔清洁液化天然气的出口。As provinces are the owners and stewards of their own natural resources, any discussions regarding the potential export of energy must fully involve the impacted provinces.  Alberta would be pleased to help the federal government develop the business case and participate in the development of an MOU with Japan for the increased export of clean Albertan LNG.

我期待着与您就此次访问的其他后续项目进行合作。I look forward to working with you on additional follow up items from the visit.

FCGvisa translated, alberta.ca All Rights Reserved.

IRCC considering Express Entry draws based on occupations, and other categories

12 Jan 2023

IRCC 考虑根据职业和其他类别进行快速通道抽签 最近的磋商概述了针对具有职业、行业、临时居民和法语语言能力等关键属性的快速通道候选人的可能性。 IRCC considering Express Entry draws based on occupations, and other categories Recent consultations outline the possibility of targeting Express Entry candidates who have key attributes such as occupation, sector, being a temporary resident, and French language proficiency.

加拿大移民、难民和公民部 (IRCC) 最近与公众和利益相关者进行了磋商，以调整快速入境申请管理系统，以更好地满足加拿大的经济需求和劳动力短缺问题。 Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) recently held consultations with the public and stakeholders to adapt the Express Entry application management system to better target Canada’s economic needs and labour shortages.

该部门计划通过创建快速通道类别来做到这一点，这些类别针对教育证书、工作经验或官方语言知识等关键属性，而不仅仅是综合排名系统 (CRS) 中的高分。 The department plans to do this by creating Express Entry categories that target key attributes such as educational credentials, work experience, or knowledge of an official language, rather than solely on a high score within the Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS).

IRCC 表示，它正在考虑根据职业背景、劳动力短缺的经济部门、候选人是否以国际学生或临时外籍工人的身份居住在加拿大，以及候选人的法语水平来邀请 Express Entry 候选人。 IRCC said it is considering inviting Express Entry candidates based on occupational background, sectors of the economy with labour shortages, whether candidates have resided in Canada as international students or temporary foreign workers, and the French-language proficiency of candidates.

Express Entry 是一种系统，技术工人可以通过三种移民途径之一申请永久居留权，即联邦技术工人计划、加拿大经验类和联邦技术贸易计划。 Express Entry is a system under which skilled workers may apply for permanent residence through one of three immigration pathways, the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Canadian Experience Class, and the Federal Skilled Trades Program.

目前，通过这些项目申请永久居留权的合格候选人将使用 CRS 获得分数。得分最高的人最有可能收到申请邀请 (ITA)。 Currently, eligible candidates who apply for permanent residency through these programs are given a score using the CRS. Those with the highest scores are most likely to receive an invitation to apply (ITA).

磋商是基于用于制定年度移民水平计划的相同方法的成功，该计划设定了加拿大三年内的年度移民目标。 The consultations werebased on the success of the same method used for creating the annual Immigration Levels Plan, which sets Canada’s yearly immigration targets over three years.

由于磋商过程最近才于 2023 年 1 月 8 日结束，因此磋商结果尚未公布。但是，IRCC 表示，有针对性的抽签可能会在今年春季开始。一旦部长决定了类别，它们将在发出邀请之前宣布。 The results of the consultations have not yet been published since the consultation process only recently ended on January 8, 2023. However, IRCC has said that targeted draws are likely to begin starting in spring this year. Once categories are decided on by the Minister, they will be announced before invitations are issued.

可能的类别 Possible Categories

根据特定职业或部门的工作经验选择候选人 Selecting candidates based on work experience in a particular occupation or sector

IRCC 正在考虑创建一个类别，其中包括在长期劳动力短缺的特定职业或部门的工作经验。作为咨询过程的一部分，IRCC 要求受访者概述劳动力市场长期短缺的领域，并就移民如何补充加拿大现有劳动力提出建议。 IRCC is considering creating a category that includes work experience in particular occupations or sectors that are experiencing chronic labour shortages. As part of the consultation process, IRCC asked respondents to outline areas of the labour market experiencing long-term shortages and provide suggestions on how immigration can complement Canada’s existing workforce.

在 2019 年至 2021 年期间，受邀通过快速通道申请永久居留权的候选人中，最常见的主要职业是： Between 2019 and 2021 of those candidates invited to apply for permanent residence through Express Entry, the most common primary occupations were:

  • 食品服务主管 food service supervisors
  • 行政助理 administrative assistants
  • 财务审计师和会计师 financial auditors and accountants
  • 零售销售主管 retail sales supervisors
  • 软件工程师和设计师 software engineers and designers
  • 广告、营销和公共关系方面的专业职业 professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations
  • 厨师 cooks
  • 计算机程序员和交互式媒体开发人员 computer programmers and interactive media developers
  • 信息系统分析师和顾问 information systems analysts and consultants
  • 用户支持技术人员 user support technicians
  • 餐厅和食品服务经理 restaurant and food service managers
  • 行政人员 administrative officers

将国际毕业生过渡到永久居留权 Transitioning international graduates to permanent residence

IRCC 表示，快速通道中针对国际学生毕业生的潜在选择类别可以更直接地应对严重短缺。例如，一个新的“快速通道”类别可能包括拥有指定学习机构的热门领域学位或文凭的毕业生。 IRCC says a potential category for selection in Express Entry focused on international student graduates could respond more directly to critical shortages. For example, a new Express Entry category could include graduates with a degree or diploma in in-demand fields from a Designated Learning Institution.

IRCC 指出，国际学生毕业生非常适合永久经济移民，因为他们精通至少一种官方语言，并拥有加拿大教育资格和工作经验。他们通常处于核心工作年龄，这意味着他们将能够在未来几年为加拿大的经济做出贡献。 IRCC notes international student graduates are well placed for permanent economic immigration since they are proficient in at least one official language and have Canadian educational qualifications as well as work experience. They are often in their core working-age years, meaning they will be able to contribute to Canada’s economy for years to come.

2021 年，超过 88,000 名国际毕业生通过快速通道过渡到永久居留权，自 2017 年以来增加了 80%。不过，对于持毕业后工作许可 (PGWP) 在加拿大的人来说，获得永久居留权可能既费时又困难. Over 88,000 international graduates transitioned to permanent residence through Express Entry in 2021, an increase of 80% since 2017. Still, it can be time-consuming and difficult for someone to get permanent residence while in Canada on a Post Graduation Work Permit (PGWP).

将临时外国工人过渡到永久居留权 Transitioning temporary foreign workers to permanent residence

与国际学生毕业生一样，IRCC 正在考虑创建一个类别，使更多的临时外国工人能够通过快速通道成为永久居民。在磋商中，利益相关者提出了担忧，即目前的永久居留途径跟不上能够满足加拿大长期劳动力需求的临时外国工人的供应。临时外国工人计划提供接触全球人才的机会，在填补紧急职位空缺时促进经济增长。 As with international student graduates, IRCC is considering creating a category that would enable more temporary foreign workers to become permanent residents via Express Entry.  In the consultation, stakeholders raised the concern that current permanent residence pathways are not keeping up with the supply of temporary foreign workers capable of addressing Canada’s labour force needs in the long run. Temporary foreign worker programs provide access to global talent, which promotes economic growth as urgent job vacancies are filled.

总的来说，已经发现具有以前在加拿大临时工作经验的移民可以更好地融入劳动力市场，并且能够更好地在需要时转移他们的技能。 In general, immigrants with previous temporary Canadian work experience have been found to have better labour market integration and are better equipped to transfer their skills when needed.

2021 年，约有 168,600 人从临时工作身份转变为永久居留，占经济移民类别入境人数的 64%。 In 2021, approximately 168,600 people transitioned from temporary worker status to permanent residence, representing 64% of admissions in the economic immigration category.

选择法语和双语候选人 Selecting Francophone and bilingual candidates

IRCC 还在考虑根据候选人的法语能力来邀请他们。这可能需要邀请讲法语和双语的候选人。 IRCC is also considering inviting candidates based on their ability to speak French. This could entail invitations to French-speaking and bilingual candidates alike.

2019年，加拿大启动法语移民战略，目标是到2023年底，4.4%的魁北克以外新移民讲法语。 In 2019, Canada launched the Francophone Immigration Strategy, which set a target of 4.4% of new immigrants outside of Quebec to be French-speaking by the end of 2023.

在 2017 年至 2021 年间定居加拿大的 110,000 名经济阶层法语移民中，只有 30,000 人选择在魁北克以外的地方定居。通过快速通道邀请更多的法语候选人，政府将能够继续加强加拿大的双语特征，并填补需要说法语的社区的劳动力缺口。 Of the 110,000 economic class francophone immigrants who settled in Canada between 2017 and 2021, only 30,000 chose to settle outside of Quebec. By inviting more francophone candidates through Express Entry, the government will be able to continue strengthening Canada’s bilingual character, as well as fill labour gaps in communities where speaking French is necessary for an occupation.

加拿大劳动力短缺 Canada’s labour shortage

快速通道的变化是为了应对加拿大的人口老龄化和全球出生率最低的国家之一，每位妇女生育 1.43 个孩子。随着人口老龄化，对社会服务的需求增加，税基缩小。如果不增加技术工人的移民来支持加拿大的社会体系，例如医疗保健，那么在支持人口方面将面临严重困难。 The changes to Express Entry are in response to Canada’s aging population and one of the lowest global birth rates at 1.43 children per woman. As the population ages, there is increased demand for social services and a shrinking tax base. Without increasing immigration of skilled workers to support Canada’s social systems, such as healthcare, there would be serious difficulties in supporting the population.

随着全球经济向更绿色、数字经济和自动化的方向转变，一些最严重的劳动力短缺问题已经显而易见。短缺的部分原因是建筑、医疗保健以及专业、科学和技术服务等关键部门的技能差距和职位空缺增加。所有这些部门都需要长期和专门的培训。 Some of the most critical labour shortages have been made evident as the global economy shifts toward greener, digital economies and automation. The shortages are partly due to skills gaps and increasing job vacancies in key sectors such as construction, healthcare, and professional, scientific and technical services. All are sectors that require lengthy and specialized training.

政府对移民的授权 Government mandate on immigration

在最近的部长授权信中，一份概述政府优先事项的文件中，移民部长必须解决这些目标，其中包括： In the most recent Minister’s mandate letter, a document that outlines the government’s priorities, the immigration minister must address these objectives, among others:

  • 解决长期劳动力市场短缺和未来定位问题；和 address chronic labour market shortages and positioning for the future; and
  • 支持法语少数民族社区的法语移民和经济增长。 support Francophone immigration and economic growth in Francophone minority communities.

为帮助实现这些目标，C-19 法案于 2022 年 6 月 23 日获得皇家批准。根据该法案，移民部长可以根据支持经济优先事项的关键属性邀请候选人进行快速入境。 To help meet these goals, Bill C-19 received royal assent on June 23, 2022. Under the Bill, the immigration minister can invite candidates for Express Entry based on key attributes that will support an economic priority.

这并不意味着 IRCC 将不再使用快速通道综合排名系统。符合特定类别标准的候选人将根据他们的 CRS 分数进行排名，其中排名靠前的候选人将被邀请申请。 This does not mean that IRCC will no longer be using the Comprehensive Ranking System for Express Entry. Candidates who meet the criteria for a particular category would be ranked according to their CRS scores and the top among them will be invited to apply.

基于类别的选择将仅适用于有资格参加“快速通道”管理的项目的候选人。 Category-based selection will only be for candidates who qualify for the programs managed under Express Entry.

Provinces working to make it easier for internationally educated nurses to work in Canada

12 Jan 2023

各省努力让受过国际教育的护士更容易在加拿大工作面对注册护士严重短缺的情况，不列颠哥伦比亚省和安大略省正在努力为受过国际教育的护士消除障碍。 Provinces working to make it easier for internationally educated nurses to work in Canada In the face of a severe shortage of registered nurses, British Columbia and Ontario are working to remove obstacles for internationally educated nurses.

不列颠哥伦比亚省最近宣布，它将消除国际教育护士 (IEN) 在该省注册的一些障碍。为此，它将取消申请费，并为离开一段时间后重返执业的护士提供新的财政支持。 British Columbia has recently announced that it is removing some of the barriers for internationally educated nurses (IENs) to register with the province. It will do so by removing application fees and providing new financial support to nurses returning to practice after a period of absence.

该省表示，它现在将支付 IEN 的申请和评估费用，费用可能超过 3,700 加元。此外，该省将为每人提供高达 4,000 加元的费用，以支付护士在离开一段时间后重返工作岗位的评估费用和符合条件的差旅费用。 The province says it will now cover application and assessment fees for IENs, which can cost more than $3,700. Further, the province will provide up to $4,000 per person to cover assessments and eligible travel costs for nurses returning to practice after a period of absence.

“支持护士是我们让所有不列颠哥伦比亚人都能获得医疗保健的工作的关键。尽管如此，对护士的需求还是超过了供应，”州长大卫·埃比 (David Eby) 说。 “有才华横溢、技术娴熟、经验丰富的护士想在卑诗省执业并支持高质量的护理，但由于昂贵而复杂的注册程序，他们只能袖手旁观。无论护士是在省内还是省外接受培训，我们都准备好欢迎那些准备好照顾不列颠哥伦比亚省民的人。” “Supporting nurses is key to our work to making health care accessible to all British Columbians. Still, the demand for nurses is outpacing the supply,” said Premier David Eby. “There are talented and skilled nurses with the right experience who want to practice in BC and support high-quality care, but they are kept on the sidelines by an expensive and complicated registration process. Whether a nurse was trained in or out of the province, we are ready to welcome those who are ready to care for British Columbians.”

早在 2022 年 4 月，卑诗省政府就宣布为 IEN 提供 1200 万加元的助学金。自拨款宣布以来，已有 5,000 人表示对不列颠哥伦比亚省的护理工作感兴趣。其中，有 2,000 人正在积极努力完成注册和评估流程。 The BC government announced $12 million in bursaries for IENs back in April 2022. Since the funding was announced, 5,000 people have expressed an interest in nursing in British Columbia. Of these, 2,000 people are actively working toward the completion of the registration and assessment process.

总体而言，BC 护士和助产士学院在 2022 年收到的护理申请中有 90% 以上是在这些变化之后产生的。 Overall, more than 90% of nursing applications received by the BC College of Nurses and Midwives in 2022 came following the changes.

安大略省也在努力雇佣和留住更多的 IEN Ontario is also working to hire and retain more IENs

去年秋天，安大略省在为 IEN 铺平道路方面取得了类似的进展。 10 月，安大略省卫生部、安大略省护士学院和安大略省内科医师学会实施了几项改革，例如： Last fall, Ontario made similar strides toward smoothing the path for IENs. In October, the Ontario Ministry of Health, the College of Nurses of Ontario, and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario implemented several changes, such as:

  • 允许受过国际教育的护士在临时班级注册，并在他们努力实现全面注册的同时更快地开始工作； Allowing internationally educated nurses to register in a temporary class and begin working sooner while they work towards full registration;
  • 通过灵活地要求非执业或退休护士在申请复职之前需要在一定时间内从事护理工作，使他们更容易重返工作岗位；和 Making it easier for non-practicing or retired nurses to return to the field by introducing flexibility to the requirement that they need to have practiced nursing within a certain period of time before applying for reinstatement; and
  • 为来自其他省份和地区的医生创建一个新的临时独立执业注册班，使他们更容易在安大略省工作长达 90 天。 Creating a new temporary independent practice registration class for physicians from other provinces and territories, making it easier for them to work for up to 90 days in Ontario.

这些措施是长期计划的开始。 IEN 的其他措施于今年 1 月 1 日生效，这将产生进一步的积极影响并加快注册过程，包括： These measures were the beginning of a longer-term plan. Additional measures for IENs came into effect on January 1 this year that will have a further positive impact and speed up the registration process including:

  • 要求卫生监管学院遵守时限做出注册决定； Requiring health regulatory colleges to comply with time limits to make registration decisions;
  • 禁止卫生监管学院在注册时要求有加拿大工作经验，但有一些例外情况，例如接受同等国际经验时；和 Prohibiting health regulatory colleges from requiring Canadian work experience for the purpose of registration, with some exceptions such as when equivalent international experience is accepted; and
  • 接受根据移民和难民保护法 (IRPA) 批准的语言测试，以减少加拿大移民的重复语言能力测试。 Accepting language tests approved under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) to reduce duplicate language proficiency testing for immigrants to Canada.

去年 1 月至 10 月期间，安大略省通过扩大对监督实践经验合作计划的资助，支持了 800 多个 IEN。该省预计到今年 3 月底，这一数字将增加到 1,000 个。 Ontario supported over 800 IENs between last January and October by expanding funding to the supervised practice experience partnership program. The province expects that number to go up to 1,000 by the end of March this year.

与 BC 一样，安大略省暂时承担了安大略省护士学院的考试、申请和注册费用，最高可达 1,500 美元。最后，安大略省已投资 7.64 亿加元，为安大略护士提供高达 5,000 加元的留任奖励。 Like BC, Ontario is temporarily covering the cost of fees for examinations, applications, and registration fees for the College of Nurses of Ontario, which can go as high as $1,500. Finally, Ontario has invested $764 million to provide Ontario nurses with up to $5,000 as a retention incentive.

为什么加拿大如此努力地吸引医护人员？ Why is Canada working so hard to attract healthcare workers?

由于人口老龄化等多种因素，加拿大的医疗保健系统面临压力。这意味着需要医疗保健的人越来越多，而且医疗保健行业的许多专业人士也到了退休年龄。 Canada’s healthcare system is under pressure due to several factors such as an aging population. This means there are more people requiring healthcare and that many professionals within the healthcare sector are also reaching retirement age.

此外，加拿大护士联盟联合会的一份报告称，甚至在 COVID-19 大流行引发危机之前，护士就已经存在巨大压力和短缺。在大流行最严重的时候，许多医疗保健专业人员轮班工作的时间空前长，几乎没有休息时间，这导致许多人需要延长休假以保持心理健康，或者干脆退出医疗保健行业。 Additionally, a report by the Canadian Federation of Nurses Union says there was significant strain and a shortage of nurses even before the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. During the height of the pandemic, many healthcare professionals were working unprecedentedly long shifts with little time off and this has caused many to require extended leave for their mental health, or to quit the healthcare sector altogether.

加拿大统计局数据显示，10 月份医疗保健和社会救助领域有 151,200 个职位空缺，为所有行业中的最高水平，与 7 月份创下的 152,800 个历史高位相比变化不大。 12 月的最新数据显示，医疗保健和社会援助的就业率持续下降，其中安大略省失业人数最多。 According to data from Statistics Canada, there were 151,200 vacant positions in health care and social assistance in October, the highest level across all sectors and little changed from the record high of 152,800 in July. The most recent data from December shows that the rate of employment in healthcare and social assistance is continuing to decrease, with the biggest number of job losses occurring in Ontario.