Understanding the IELTS Speaking test

21 Jan 2023

在这篇文章中，我们将了解雅思口语考试的三个部分、评估标准，并建议您如何提高每个部分的表现。 In this post, we will look at the three parts of the IELTS Speaking test, the assessment criteria, and suggest how you can improve your performance in each part.

雅思口语考试的形式是什么？ What is the format of the IELTS Speaking test?

口语考试时长11-14分钟，分为三个部分。每个部分都旨在反映您在英语环境中生活、工作或学习时可能需要的一项技能。 The Speaking test lasts for 11-14 minutes and there are three parts. Each part is designed to reflect a skill you may need when you live, work or study in an English-speaking environment.

查看更多关于雅思评分的信息 See more about how IELTS is scored

那么如何提高雅思词汇量呢？我们将在下面探讨一些简单的想法。 So how can you improve your vocabulary for IELTS? We’ll explore some simple ideas below.

第 1 部分发生了什么？ What happens in Part 1?

测试的第一部分旨在让您轻松自在。考官首先会问你一些关于你的工作、学习、你的家乡或祖国的问题。例如： The first part of the test is designed to put you at ease. The examiner will start by asking you questions about your work, study, your hometown, or home country. For example:

让我们谈谈你的家乡或村庄。 Let’s talk about your hometown or village.

• 它是什么样的地方？_ What kind of place is it?
• 你所在的城镇/村庄最有趣的地方是什么？ What’s the most interesting part of your town/village?
• 你镇/村里的人做什么工作？_ What kind of jobs do the people in your town/village do?
• 你会说这是一个居住的好地方吗？ （为什么？） Would you say it’s a good place to live? (Why?)

示例响应 Sample response

随后将提出有关一般日常话题的问题，例如爱好、宠物、天气、假期、运动、音乐等。 This will then be followed up with questions on general, everyday topics such as hobbies, pets, the weather, holidays, sport, music, etc.

在这部分，尝试通过给出理由和例子来扩展和扩展你的答案。 In this part, try to extend and expand your answers by giving reasons and examples.

考官：你喜欢什么样的音乐？ Examiner: What kind of music do you like?

候选人：我喜欢流行音乐，因为它通常很乐观，如果我感到疲倦，它有助于提振我的心情。 Candidate: I like pop music as it’s generally upbeat and helps to lift my mood if I’m feeling tired.

考官：你更喜欢玩还是看运动？ Examiner: Do you prefer to play or watch sports?

候选人：我想参加体育运动，尤其是足球，但我真的没有时间，所以只要有空，我就会在电视上看我最喜欢的足球队。 Candidate: I’d like to play sport, especially football, but I don’t really have the time so whenever I can I watch my favourite football team on TV.

第 2 部分会发生什么？ What happens in Part 2?

这部分侧重于您就给定主题进行长篇演讲的能力，模拟在工作或大学中的演讲。您将获得一张主题卡，您将被要求描述一些事情或谈论一次经历——然而，许多主题是两者的结合。您还有一分钟的时间来准备您要说的话。利用这段时间在卡片上记下要点。按照与卡片上的要点相同的顺序组织你的答案，因为它会使你说的更连贯。 This part focuses on your ability to speak at length on a given topic, simulating giving a presentation at work or university. You will be given a topic card and you will be asked to describe something or talk about an experience – however, many of the topics are a combination of the two. You are also given one minute to prepare what you are going to say. Use this time to make notes on the points on the card. Organise your answer in the same order as the points on the card as it will make what you say more coherent.

你可能会得到一个你没有太多想法的话题。不要惊慌——发挥创意！考官不会对你说的话进行事实核查，他们只对你如何回答任务感兴趣。 You might get a topic that you don’t have many ideas on. Don’t panic – get creative! The examiner isn’t going to fact-check what you say, and they are only interested in how you answer the task.

请记住，您可以在讲话时查看笔记。 Part 2 持续 3-4 分钟，包括准备时间，时间到了考官会告诉你。 Remember you can look at your notes when you speak. Part 2 lasts for 3-4 minutes, including the preparation time, and the examiner will tell you when your time is up.

示例响应 Sample response

第 3 部分发生了什么？ What happens in Part 3?

在这部分中，将测试您表达和论证您的观点以及分析、讨论和推测与第 2 部分主题广泛相关的各种问题的能力。这些问题将更加笼统和抽象，类似于您在大学或工作中可能遇到的讨论类型。 In this part, you will be tested on your ability to express and justify your opinions and to analyse, discuss and speculate on a variety of issues broadly linked to the topic in Part 2.  The questions will be more general and abstract, similar to the types of discussion you may encounter at university or work.

例子： Example:

让我们首先考虑人们的价值观是如何改变的。 Let’s consider first of all how people’s values have changed.

• 在你的国家，什么样的事情赋予人们地位？_ What kind of things give status to people in your country?
• 自你父母时代以来，情况有变化吗？ Have things changed since your parents’ time?

最后说说广告的作用吧。 Finally, let’s talk about the role of advertising.

• 你认为广告会影响人们购买什么吗？ Do you think advertising influences what people buy?

仔细听考官的问题，说话时尽量使用相同的时态。您还可以使用以下一些短语为自己争取一些时间来思考： Listen carefully to the examiner’s questions and try to use the same tenses when you speak. You can also buy yourself some time to think by using some of these phrases:

让我想想， 。 . ._ Let me think, . . .

我不确定如何回答，但是。 . . I’m not sure how to answer that, but . . .

我以前从未真正想过这个，也许。 . . I’ve never really thought about this before, perhaps . . .

这很难回答。 . . That’s quite difficult to answer . . .

这是一个相当复杂的问题。 . . That’s quite a complex issue . . .

这是一个有趣的问题。 . . That’s an interesting question . . .

样本响应 Sample response

评估标准——考官在寻找什么？ Assessment criteria – what are the examiners looking for?

口语部分用于评估您的英语口语使用情况。评估范围广泛的口语技能，例如： The Speaking section is used to assess your use of spoken English. A wide range of speaking skills are assessed, such as:

• 您通过回答一系列问题（第 1 部分）就日常话题、共同经历和情况交流意见和信息的能力 your ability to communicate opinions and information on everyday topics and common experiences and situations by answering a range of questions (Part 1)
• 您使用适当的语言和连贯地组织想法就给定主题进行详尽发言的能力（第 2 部分） your ability to speak at length on a given topic using appropriate language and organising ideas coherently (Part 2)
• 您表达和证明观点以及分析、讨论和推测问题的能力（第 3 部分）。 your ability to express and justify opinions and to analyse, discuss and speculate about issues (Part 3).

测试会被记录下来，考官会根据以下标准给您 0-9 分。 The test is recorded, and examiners will give you a score from 0-9 on the following criteria.

流畅和连贯 Fluency and Coherence

这会考察您说话的轻松和流利程度，您将想法联系起来的能力，以及您形成连贯和连贯的演讲的能力。 This looks at how easily and fluently you speak, how well you are able to link your ideas, and how well you form coherent and connected speech.

词汇资源 Lexical Resource

这着眼于您使用词汇的范围和精确度，以及您表达您对给定主题的意思、想法和感受的能力。 This looks at the range and precision of vocabulary you use, and how well you are able to express what you mean, think and feel on the given topic.

语法范围和准确性 Grammatical Range and Accuracy

这着眼于您使用的结构范围以及您能够准确、恰当地使用它们的能力。 This looks at the range of structures you use and how well you are able to use them accurately and appropriately.

发音 Pronunciation

这着眼于您说话的能力，以及您使用一系列发音特征来传达意思的能力。重要的是要注意口音是不评估的。 This looks at your ability to speak comprehensibly and how well you are able to use a range of pronunciation features to communicate meaning. It is important to note that accent is not assessed.

看看口语乐队描述符 Take a look at the Speaking Band Descriptors

如何准备雅思口语部分： How you can prepare for the IELTS Speaking section:

听自己说话 Listen to yourself speaking

您可以练习的方法之一是记录自己对示例问题的回答。回听并注意以下事项： One of the ways you can practice is by recording yourself responding to sample questions. Listen back and pay attention to the following:

词汇 Vocabulary

你是否使用了各种特定主题的词汇？想想你可以用来改进答案的单词和短语。 Did you use a variety of topic-specific vocabulary? Think of words and phrases that you could use to improve the answer.

语法 Grammar

你使用了多种时态吗？你犯了很多错误吗？想一想如何提高您所说内容的语法范围和准确性。 Did you use a variety of tenses? Did you make a lot of mistakes? Think of how you can improve the grammatical range and accuracy of what you said.

记下您想到的想法，并在词汇集（与特定主题相关的单词和短语）中保留词汇记录。 Make a note of the ideas you come up with and keep a vocabulary record in lexical sets (words and phrases connected to a particular topic).

最后，说，说，说！ Finally, speak, speak, speak!

抓住一切机会练习说英语！花尽可能多的时间与老师、同学或也会说英语的朋友交谈。如果有朋友也在考，可以一起练习，扮演考官和考生的角色。在测试本身中，想象您正在与朋友交谈并尝试放松。祝你好运！ Take every opportunity to practice speaking English! Spend as much time as you can talking to a teacher, classmate or a friend who also speaks English. If you have friend who is also taking the test, you can practice together by taking the role of the examiner and test taker. In the test itself, imagine you are talking to a friend and try to relax. Good luck!

获取更多雅思备考资料 Get more IELTS preparation material

预约雅思考试 Book your IELTS test

FCGvisa translated, © CIC News All Rights Reserved.

Immigrants in Quebec by Country of Birth (2021 Census)

20 Jan 2023

按出生国家/地区划分的魁北克移民（2021 年人口普查） Immigrants in Quebec by Country of Birth (2021 Census)

2021 年，魁北克有 1,210,600 名移民 In 2021, Quebec was home to 1,210,600 immigrants

!魁北克移民 !Immigrants in Quebec

魁北克移民 Immigrants in Quebec

加拿大统计局报告称，2021年，有8,361,505名外国出生的人居住在加拿大，占加拿大人口的23%。 Statistics Canada reported that in 2021, there were 8,361,505 foreign-born people living in Canada, which accounted for 23% of Canada’s population.

2021年，外国出生人口比例最高的省份是安大略省（30%）、不列颠哥伦比亚省（29%）和魁北克省（14.6%）。 In 2021, the provinces with the highest proportions of foreign-born people were Ontario (30%), British Columbia (29%) and Quebec (14.6%).

按出生国分列的外国出生人口 Foreign-born population by country of birth

在魁北克，最大的移民人口来自法国、海地和阿尔及利亚；他们合计占该省外国出生人口的21%。 In Quebec, the largest immigrant populations were from France, Haiti and Algeria; together they accounted for 21% of the foreign-born population in this province.

背景 BACKGROUND

按出生国家/地区划分的魁北克移民（2016 年人口普查） Quebec Immigrants by country of Birth (2016 Census)

FCGvisa translated, © canadaimmigrants All Rights Reserved.

The top financial terms worth knowing

20 Jan 2023

规划未来绝非易事，有时整理您在业务部分看到的所有术语可能会令人望而生畏。为了提供帮助，CPP Investments 与_Canadian Immigrant_ 杂志提供了投资者、顾问和其他日常处理金钱和计划的人使用的术语表。 Planning for the future is never easy, and sometimes sorting through all the terminology you see in the business section can be daunting. To help, CPP Investments, along with Canadian Immigrant magazine offer this glossary of terms used by investors, advisors, and other people who deal with money and planning on a daily basis.

主动管理 一种试图通过购买经理认为其潜在价值高于当前价格的投资来获取价格收益的策略。这种方法需要仔细把握投资的买卖时间。 Active ManagementA strategy that tries to capture price gains by buying investments that a manager believes have more underlying worth than their current price. This approach requires careful timing of when investments are bought and sold.

年金 人寿保险公司支付的收入流。付款发生在设定的时间段内，或者直到保单持有人死亡。这个词还描述了一种支付这种收入流的保险政策。 年金受益人持有年金并获得收入流。 Annuity An income stream paid out by a life insurance company. Payments happen over set time periods, or until the policyholder dies. The word also describes a type of insurance policy that pays out this income stream. An Annuitant holds the annuity and receives the income stream.

资产 任何有价值的东西。对于投资公司，这可以是公司的股票、债券或公司拥有的实物资产。个人财产，例如房屋或公寓，也被财务顾问和规划师称为资产。 Asset(s)Anything that has value. For an investment company, this can be shares in a company, or bonds, or the physical assets a company owns. Personal property, such as a house or condominium, also is called an asset by financial advisors and planners.

资产配置 投资者投资组合中的资产组合。财务顾问通常会以百分比形式提及这一点——例如，您持有 50% 的股票资产、40% 的债券资产和 10% 的现金资产。 Asset AllocationA combination of assets in an investor’s portfolio. Financial advisors will often refer to this in percentage terms — for example, saying that you hold 50% of your assets in stocks, 40% in bonds and 10% in cash.

平均回报率 当您将一项投资的价值与您最初支付的价格相加，然后将差值除以您持有该投资的年数时得到的数字。 Average ReturnA number you get when you add up how much more an investment is worth when compared with the price you first paid, and then divide the difference by the number of years you held that investment.

平衡共同基金 通过结合来自不同经济部门和地理区域的债券、现金、股票和其他投资来分散投资者风险的基金。 Balanced Mutual FundFund that spreads out an investor’s risk by combining bonds, cash, stocks and other investments from a variety of economic sectors and geographic regions.

熊市 股票或债券等投资失去价值的时期。 Bear MarketA period during which investments, like stocks or bonds, lose value.

基准指数 道琼斯工业平均指数是用于衡量投资市场表现的指数之一。其他包括 TSX/S&P 和纳斯达克综合指数。 Benchmark IndexThe Dow Jones Industrial Average is one example of an index used to measure the performance of investment markets. Others include the TSX/S&P and the Nasdaq Composite.

受益人 从保单或其他投资中获得资金的人。 BeneficiaryThe person who receives the funds from an insurance policy or other investment.

债券 政府或公司发行的债务。债券通常以固定利率发行，并要求发行人在一段时间后偿还投资者。 债券基金完全由债券组成，有时也称为固定收益基金。 BondDebt issued by governments or companies. Bonds are typically issued at fixed interest rates and require the issuer to repay investors after a set period of time. A Bond Fund is comprised exclusively of bonds and is sometimes called a Fixed-Income Fund.

预算您每月花多少钱与您带回家的钱的比较。 BudgetA calculation of how much you spend each month, compared against how much money you bring home.

牛市股票或债券等投资价值上升的时期。 Bull MarketA period during which the value of investments, like stocks or bonds, goes up.

CPP加拿大退休金计划适用于魁北克以外省份的所有受雇或个体经营的加拿大人。魁北克有自己的计划，称为QPP。 CPPThe Canada Pension Plan is available to all employed or self-employed Canadians in provinces outside Quebec. Quebec has its own plan called the QPP.

资本可用于购买股票、债券、房地产或其他有价值物品的现金或其他资产。 CapitalCash or other assets that can be used to buy stocks, bonds, real estate or other things of value.

资本收益出售增值投资时获得的回报，其中一些是征税的。当投资者亏损时，这称为资本损失。 Capital GainThe return, some of which is taxed, that is earned when selling an investment that has increased in value. When investors lose money, that’s called a Capital Loss.

普通股在证券交易所交易的公司的所有权股份。普通股的价格根据人们愿意支付的价格不断变化。相比之下，优先股股份有一个基值，如果公司停止运营或清算，公司必须向股东退还该基值。 Common StockShares of ownership in a company that’s traded on a stock exchange. Prices of common stock shares change constantly based on what people are willing to pay. By contrast, Preferred Stock shares have a base value that the company is required to refund to shareholders if the company ceases operations or liquidates.

复利当您进行再投资而不是支出时，您在投资或银行账户中赚取的利息。据说这笔钱会复利，因为利息增长得更快。 CompoundingThe interest you earn on an investment or within a bank account when you reinvest, rather than spend. That money is said to compound because the interest builds faster.

CPI消费者物价指数是人们购买的各种服务和商品的平均成本。 CPIThe Consumer Price Index averages the cost of a variety of services and goods people buy.

供款室您每年可以向 RRSP 或 TFSA 存入多少钱。贡献房不用完可以结转到下一年。 Contribution RoomHow much money you can put into an RRSP or TFSA each year. Contribution room can be carried to the next year if you don’t use all of it.

相关性一项投资的回报如何与另一项投资的回报相关联。不同的经济部门，例如农业和制造业，可能相互关联。 CorrelationHow the returns from one investment are tied to those of a different investment. Different economic sectors, such as agriculture and manufacturing, may be correlated to one another.

票面利率债券的利率。当政府或公司发行债券时，它同意向买方支付约定的利率。有一次，一张叫做息票的纸质标签贴在债券的底部，上面贴着这个名字。 Coupon RateThe interest rate on a bond. When a government or company issues a bond, it agrees to pay an agreed-upon interest rate to the buyer. At one time, a paper tab called a coupon showing the interest rate was attached to the bottom of the bond certificate, and the name stuck.

死亡抚恤金支付给被指定为保险单受益人的人的钱，或者在投资的情况下，支付给指定的人或死者的遗产。 Death BenefitMoney paid to people named as beneficiaries of an insurance policy, or in the case of an investment, to a named person or the estate of the deceased.

固定收益计划通常是雇主赞助的养老金计划，让您确定退休后您有权获得多少月收入。 固定供款计划根据您在工作时供款的金额计算月度总和。 Defined Benefit PlanUsually an employer-sponsored pension plan that lets you determine how much monthly income you are entitled to receive after retiring. A Defined Contribution Plan bases that monthly sum on how much you contribute while working.

多元化按类型（股票、债券等）、经济部门（技术、消费品等）和投资地区（加拿大境内、全球等）分散投资的过程降低一个地区或部门的经济表现不佳可能对整个投资组合造成损害的风险。 DiversificationA process that spreads investments out by type (stocks, bonds, etc.), economic sector (technology, consumer goods, etc.) and the region where investments are made (within Canada, globally, etc.) to reduce the risk that poor economic performance in one region or sector may cause harm to the entire portfolio.

股息当您拥有股票（优先股或普通股）时，您可能会以股息的形式获得收入。他们支付给股东。 DividendsWhen you own shares of stock (either Preferred or Common), you may get income in the form of dividends. They are paid to the shareholder.

经济指标显示一个国家经济表现的政府统计数据。 Economic IndicatorsGovernment statistics showing how a country’s economy is performing.

股权公司的股票或其他所有权股份。 EquitiesStocks or other shares of ownership in a company.

ETF交易所交易基金是模仿许多流行股票指数（如 TSX/S&P）的投资产品。 ETFsExchange-Traded Funds are investment products that mimic many popular stock indexes like the TSX/S&P.

财务规划师有时称为投资顾问，这些专业人士帮助人们选择适合其财务状况和退休时间长短的投资。 Financial PlannerSometimes called an Investment Advisor, these professionals help people select investments that are suitable for their financial circumstances and the length of time before they plan to retire.

财政年度公司或企业用于其内部会计的 365 天期间。通常与公司开始营业的日期和月份相关联，它可能与日历年匹配也可能不匹配。 Fiscal YearA 365-day period that a corporation or business uses for its internal accounting. Often tied to the day and month when a company began doing business, it may or may not match up with the calendar year.

固定收益投资，有时是基金，由债券和其他以预定利率赚取回报的金融工具组成。 Fixed IncomeInvestments, and sometimes funds, made up of bonds and other financial instruments that earn returns at a predetermined rate.

GIC担保投资证书主要由银行出售，并在特定时间段（六个月、一年、两年等）支付固定利率。利率通常略高于银行为其标准储蓄账户提供的利率。提早兑现 GIC 可能会导致罚款。 GICsGuaranteed Investment Certificates are primarily sold by banks and pay a set rate of interest for a specific time period (six months, one year, two years, etc.). Interest rates are generally a bit higher than what a bank offers for its standard savings accounts. Cashing in a GIC early can result in a penalty.

收入您从雇主那里赚了多少钱，对于个体经营者，您从您拥有和经营的企业赚了多少钱。财务顾问可能会将您支付账单后剩余的钱称为可支配收入。收入也可以从您的投资中获得。 利息收入来自债券、债券基金、固定收益基金或担保投资证。 IncomeHow much you earn from an employer or, for the self-employed, from a business you own and run. Financial advisors may refer to money that’s left over after you’ve paid your bills as Discretionary Income. Income also can be earned from your investments. Interest Income is earned from bonds, bond funds, fixed-income funds or GICs.

通货膨胀当食品、住所、住房和其他物品的价格在一段时间内上涨时。相反的是通货紧缩——这种情况很少发生。 InflationWhen prices for food, shelter, housing and other things increase over a period of time. The opposite is deflation – which rarely happens.

首次公开募股首次公开募股是指一家公司的股票首次在公开市场上向公众出售。 IPOAn Initial Public Offering is when shares of a company go up for sale to the public on the open market for the first time.

机构投资者为更大群体的利益投资资金的组织——如养老基金。 Institutional InvestorAn organization that invests money in the interests of a larger group – like a pension fund.

投资交易商股票经纪人或其他证券公司。 Investment DealerA stockbroker or other securities firm.

投资期限从现在到您需要投资资金的时间。对于大多数人来说，他们的投资期限会延伸到退休时。也称为时间范围。 Investment HorizonThe time between now and when you will need the money from your investments. For most people, their Investment Horizon extends to when they retire. Also called a Time Horizon.

投资组合旨在为投资者赚钱的股票、债券或其他证券的组合。 投资组合经理选择并监督进入投资组合的投资。 Investment PortfolioCombination of stocks, bonds or other securities designed to earn money for investors. A Portfolio Manager selects and oversees the investments that go into the investment portfolio.

终身年金一种保险产品，只要所有者在世，就可以向其支付特定数额的收入（通常是每月）。 Life AnnuityAn insurance product that pays the owner a specific amount of income (usually monthly) for as long as he or she lives.

人寿保险一种金融工具，可在您去世时向您的继承人支付一笔固定金额。 Life InsuranceA financial instrument that pays your heirs a set sum of money upon your death.

流动性以当前市场价格出售投资有多容易。 LiquidityHow easy it is to sell an investment at the current market price.

MER管理费用比率是根据运营共同基金的成本（称为管理费用）计算得出的数字，包括支付给基金经理的费用。 MERA Management Expense Ratio is a number calculated based on costs (called Management Fees) to operate a mutual fund, including fees paid to the fund’s managers.

到期日当债券必须全额支付给其所有者时。 Maturity DateWhen a bond must be paid to its owner at full value.

货币市场投资于政府债券等低风险金融工具的基金。 Money MarketA fund that invests in low-risk financial instruments, such as government bonds.

互惠基金一种分为多个单位的投资组合，让买家能够获得该基金的所有资产。共同基金的经理负责买卖其持有的投资。 Mutual FundA portfolio of investments that’s divided into units, giving buyers access to all of the fund’s holdings. Mutual funds have managers who buy and sell the investments it holds.

OAS老年保障金是支付给居住在加拿大的 67 岁以上人士的月收入。 OASOld Age Security is monthly income paid to those over age 67 who are living in Canada.

RESP 注册教育储蓄计划允许父母或祖父母在为孩子的教育储蓄时延税。政府还通过一项名为加拿大教育储蓄补助金的计划，每年将您支付的款项的 20% 存入账户（不超过规定的限额）。 RESPA Registered Education Saving Plan lets parents or grandparents defer tax when saving for a child’s education. The government also kicks in 20% of what you pay into the account (up to defined limits) each year through a program called the Canada Education Savings Grant.

RPP一些雇主设立注册养老金计划来帮助他们的员工退休。捐款可免税，雇主通常会贡献一部分资金用于该计划。退休后，RPP 将转换为LIF（终身收入基金）。 RPPSome employers set up Registered Pension Plans to help their workers retire. Contributions are tax deductible and employers generally contribute a portion of the funds that go into the plan. Upon retirement, an RPP is converted to a LIF (Life Income Fund).

RRSP 注册退休储蓄计划让加拿大人可以将他们年收入的一部分进行投资，并且在退休前不为回报缴税。年度供款限额由渥太华规定。退休后，RRSP 将转换为RRIF（注册退休收入基金）。 RRSPA Registered Retirement Savings Plan lets Canadians invest part of their annual income and not pay tax on the returns until they retire. Annual contribution limits are set by Ottawa. After retirement, an RRSP is converted to a RRIF (Registered Retirement Income Fund).

回报您从投资中获得的利息或股息。也称为ROI（投资回报率）。 ReturnWhat you receive back from an investment as interest or dividends. Also called ROI (Return on Investment).

风险承受能力您应对投资价格上下波动的能力。 Risk ToleranceYour ability to cope with upward and downward movement in the prices of your investments.

储蓄为未来需要预留的资金。您可以将储蓄用于短期需求，如新屋顶或汽车，或用于长期目标，如教育孩子或退休。 SavingsFunds set aside for future needs. You can use savings for short-term needs, like a new roof or car, or for longer-term goals, like educating children or for your retirement.

证券通常是股票和债券，但有时也包括其他有价值的投资。 SecuritiesUsually stocks and bonds, but sometimes shares in other investments of value.

独立基金与年金或其他保单挂钩的专门共同基金。 可变年金根据基金投资的价值向持有人支付收入，是一种独立基金。 Segregated FundA specialized mutual fund that’s linked to an annuity or other insurance policy. A Variable Annuity, which pays an income to the holder based on the value of the fund investment, is a type of Segregated Fund.

股东拥有公司发行的股票的人。 ShareholderSomeone who owns stock shares issued by a corporation.

股票公司所有权的份额。 StockShare in the ownership of a corporation.

证券交易所买卖股票和债券，有时还有其他投资的地方。他们确保投资价格反映供应和公共需求——或缺乏。 Stock ExchangePlace where stocks and bonds, and sometimes other investments, are bought and sold. They ensure the prices of investments reflect the supply and the public demand – or lack thereof.

TFSA 免税储蓄账户由金融机构（银行或其他投资交易商）提供，所有者每年可以投资 5,500 美元，同时对这些投资的收益避税。与 RRSP 不同，在退休前从 TFSA 中取款更容易。 TFSAA Tax-Free Savings Account is offered by a financial institution (a bank or other investment dealer) and lets the owner invest $5,500 each year, while sheltering proceeds from those investments from tax. Unlike an RRSP, it’s easier to withdraw from a TFSA before retirement.

交易成本经纪人为买卖股票、债券和其他投资而收取的费用和佣金。 Trading CostsFees and commissions that brokers charge to buy and sell stocks, bonds and other investments.

波动性投资价值快速上升或下降的时期，有时甚至出乎意料。 VolatilityA period when the value of investments moves up or down rapidly, and sometimes unexpectedly.

收益率随着时间的推移投资回报。 YieldInvestment returns over time.

想了解更多关于 CPP Investments 和您作为新加拿大人的财务未来的信息吗？每个月回来查看新内容，或阅读更多文章、访问资源和观看视频 www.cppinvestments.com/commitment-to-canadians。 Want to learn more about CPP Investments and your financial future as a new Canadian? Check back here  for new content every month, or read more articles, access resources and watch videos at www.cppinvestments.com/commitment-to-canadians.

此内容仅供参考。 CPP Investments 不是财务顾问，本网站的内容不提供财务建议。每个人的财务规划需求都不同。有关如何为退休做财务准备的建议，请咨询有资质的专业财务顾问。 This content is provided for information purposes only. CPP Investments is not a financial advisor, and the content on this site does not provide financial advice. Every person’s financial planning needs are different. For advice on how you should prepare financially for retirement, please consult a credentialed professional financial advisor.

FCGvisa translated, © canadianimmigrant All Rights Reserved.

Alberta adds family relatives to eligibility criteria for the Alberta Express Entry program

20 Jan 2023

艾伯塔省将家庭亲属添加到艾伯塔省快速入境计划的资格标准中在艾伯塔省有直系亲属的候选人现在可以根据艾伯塔省快速入境计划获得额外考虑。 Alberta adds family relatives to eligibility criteria for the Alberta Express Entry program Candidates who have immediate family relatives in Alberta can now receive extra consideration under the Alberta Express Entry program.

1 月 18 日，作为艾伯塔省省提名计划的艾伯塔省优势移民计划 (AAIP) 将在该省拥有亲属添加到艾伯塔省快速入境流（由 AAIP 管理）的候选人选择标准中。 On January 18th, the Alberta Advantage Immigration Program (AAIP), which functions as Alberta’s Provincial Nominee Program, added having relatives in the province to their candidate selection criteria for the Alberta Express Entry stream (managed under the AAIP).

这意味着（立即生效）联邦快速通道池中被列为在该省有直系亲属（父母、子女、兄弟或姐妹是加拿大永久居民或公民）的候选人现在将满足额外的选择因素标准.这可以进一步让候选人有更好的机会从艾伯塔省快速通道流中收到意向通知 (NOI)，并进一步被邀请申请永久居留权。请注意，资格取决于候选人提交给他们在联邦快速通道池中的个人资料的信息。 This means that (effective immediately) candidates in the federal Express Entry pool who are listed as having immediate family relatives (parent, child, brother, or sister who are permanent residents or citizens of Canada) in the province will now meet added selection factor criteria. This can further give candidates a better chance of receiving a Notification of Interest (NOI) from the Alberta Express Entry stream, and further be invited to apply for permanent residence. Note that eligibility is based on information candidates submit to their profile in the federal Express Entry pool.

艾伯塔省认为，这些直系亲属关系对于帮助新移民在该省立足并在艾伯塔省成功定居至关重要。 Alberta believes that these immediate family ties are critical to helping new immigrants establish themselves in the province and settle successfully in Alberta.

重要的是，AAIP 下任何流的选择标准都没有改变，此程序更新仅影响艾伯塔省快速通道流，并且仅添加此选择标准而不影响现有的选择因素（例如从艾伯塔省的公司获得工作机会） , 是艾伯塔大专院校的毕业生等）。 Importantly none of the selection criteria for any of the streams under the AAIP have changed, this program update only impacts the Alberta Express Entry stream, and only adds this selection criteria without impacting existing selection factors (like having a job offer from a company in Alberta, being a graduate of an Albertan post-secondary institution, etc.).

“这不是家庭团聚计划”，艾伯塔省贸易、移民和多元文化部长 Rajan Sawhney 说。根据变化，艾伯塔省快速通道流现在能够将 25% 的 NOI 分配给在艾伯塔省有直系亲属关系，并且在该省需要工人的紧缺职业方面有经验的个人。 “This is not a family reunification plan” said Minister of Trade, Immigration and Multiculturism in Alberta, Rajan Sawhney. Per the change the Alberta Express Entry stream is now able to allocate 25% of its NOIs to individuals with both immediate family ties in Alberta, and who have experience in in-demand occupations that the province requires workers for.

AAIP 是帮助雇主解决艾伯塔省劳动力短缺问题的一种方式。该省仅在上个月就经历了巨大的增长，到 2022 年 12 月就增加了近 41,000 个新工作岗位，其中大部分在私营部门。然而，艾伯塔省的职位空缺率也很高，目前有近 100,000 个职位空缺——进一步预测，到 2025 年，多个职业和部门的累计短缺人数将超过 33,000 人。这些都是推动该省吸引更多新移民的关键原因。 The AAIP serves as a means to help employers address labour shortages in Alberta. The province has experienced massive growth in the last month alone, adding almost 41,000 new jobs in December of 2022, most of which were in the private sector. However, Alberta also has a high rate of job vacancies, with nearly 100,000 currently—and a further predicted cumulative shortage of over 33,000 workers across multiple occupation and sectors by 2025. These are key reasons behind the push for more newcomers in the province.

什么是 AAIP 和艾伯塔省快速通道流？ What is the AAIP and the Alberta Express Entry stream?

AAIP 是艾伯塔省的省级移民计划，旨在欢迎来自国外的新移民进入该省。该计划目前管理八个类别，大致分为工人类别和企业家类别。 The AAIP is Alberta’s provincial immigration program to welcome newcomers into the province from abroad. There are eight streams currently managed by the program, broadly divided into streams for workers, and streams for entrepreneurs.

工人的流包括： Streams for workers include:

• 阿尔伯塔机会流； The Alberta Opportunity stream;
• 艾伯塔省快速通道流，其中还包括艾伯塔省加速技术途径 (AATP)；和 The Alberta Express Entry stream, which also includes the Alberta Accelerated Tech Pathway (AATP); and
• 乡村振兴流。 The Rural Renewal stream.

要获得艾伯塔省快速通道的资格，候选人必须： To be eligible for the Alberta Express Entry stream, candidates must:

• 在联邦快速通道池中拥有活跃的档案（最好有超过 5 个月的有效期）； Have an active profile in the federal Express Entry pool (ideally with more than 5 months validity);
• 明确表示有兴趣永久移居艾伯塔省； Have a stated interest in moving to Alberta permanently;
• 正在或有经验从事支持艾伯塔省经济发展和多元化的紧缺职业；和 Are working or have experience working in an in-demand occupation that supports Alberta’s economic development and diversification; and
• 最低 CRS 分数为 300。 Have a minimum CRS score of 300.

现在，候选人如果还满足以下条件，则更有可能收到申请邀请： Candidates now stand a better chance of receiving an invitation to apply if they also:

• 有有效的工作机会和/或艾伯塔省工作经验； Have a valid job offer and/or Albertan work experience;
• 毕业于艾伯塔省的大专院校；或者 Are a graduate of a post-secondary institution in Alberta; or
• 目前居住在艾伯塔省的父母、子女、兄弟或姐妹是公民或永久居民。 Have a parent, child, brother or sister currently residing in Alberta who is a citizen or permanent residence.

要进入候选人必须首先向联邦快速进入池提交个人资料。如果选择并颁发了 NOI，候选人必须通过电子邮件将文件副本发送给 AAIP，并声明他们有兴趣申请。 To enter candidates must first submit a profile to the federal express entry pool. If selected and issued an NOI, candidates must email a copy of the document to the AAIP and state that they are interested in applying.

如果 AAIP 确定候选人符合最低资格标准，他们将收到一封电子邮件，邀请他们申请该计划。从这里开始，候选人（现在是申请人）必须提交申请才能申请，并将在联邦池中获得额外的 600 CRS 积分（作为增强的省级提名）。然后将完整的申请放入符合条件的申请库中进行处理。 If the AAIP determines that candidates meet the minimum eligibility criteria they will receive an email inviting them to apply to the program. From here candidates (now applicants) must submit an application to apply and will receive an additional 600 CRS points, in the federal pool (functioning as an enhanced provincial nomination). Complete applications are then placed in a pool of eligible applications for processing.

“今天宣布的艾伯塔省快速通道流程修改是我们政府将采取的众多步骤之一，以确保艾伯塔省获得所需的合格和熟练人才……”部长 Sawhney 在公告结束时说。 “The Alberta Express Entry stream modifications announced today is one of the many steps our government will be taking to ensure that Alberta gets the qualified and skilled talent that it needs…” said Minister Sawhney at the conclusion of the announcement.

FCGvisa translated, © CIC News All Rights Reserved.

Protect yourself from scammers

20 Jan 2023

• 要闻速览 Quick facts
• 相关信息 Related information
• 多媒体 Multimedia

艾伯塔省政府已收到有关短信试图欺骗毫无戒心的艾伯塔人的报告，其中包括可能有资格获得定向救济金的老年人和家庭。在一个诈骗文本中，人们被要求点击一个链接来注册自动银行付款。Alberta’s government has received reports of text messages attempting to defraud unsuspecting Albertans, including seniors and families who may be eligible for targeted relief payments. In one scam text, people are asked to click on a link to register for automatic bank payments.

艾伯塔省政府绝不会向您发送短信或主动致电询问您的个人信息。The Government of Alberta will never text you or make unsolicited calls to ask you for your personal information.

Dale Nally，艾伯塔省服务部长和减少繁文缛节__Dale Nally, Minister of Service Alberta and Red Tape Reduction

“在任何情况下，艾伯塔省政府都不会发送电子邮件或短信，索取有关负担能力计划的信息。用户永远不应点击链接或向短信或电子邮件提供个人或银行信息。”“Under no circumstance would Alberta’s government send emails or texts requesting information for the affordability program. Users should never click on links or provide personal or banking information to text messages or emails.”

_ Nate Glubish，技术和创新部长 _Nate Glubish, Minister of Technology and Innovation

政府于 1 月 18 日启动了一个安全的支付能力支付在线申请门户。家庭收入低于 180,000 美元的家庭有资格为每个 18 岁以下的受抚养子女每月领取 100 美元，为期六个月。家庭收入在 65 岁或以上的老年人低于 $180,000 且未领取 Alberta Seniors Benefit 也可以申请按月付款。A secure, online application portal for affordability payments was launched by the government on Jan. 18. Families with household incomes below $180,000 are eligible to receive $100 per month for six months for each dependent child under 18. Seniors 65 or older who have household incomes below $180,000 and do not receive the Alberta Seniors Benefit can also apply for monthly payments.

无法在线申请的任何人都可以通过任何注册代理或艾伯塔省支持中心亲自申请。Anyone who cannot apply online can apply in person through any registry agent or Alberta Supports Centre.

通过严重残障人士保障收入 (AISH)、收入支持或艾伯塔老年人福利金或通过发育障碍人士 (PDD) 计划获得服务的艾伯塔人已经注册该计划并将自动收到付款。Albertans who receive benefits through Assured Income for the Severely Handicapped (AISH), Income Support or the Alberta Seniors Benefit, or services through the Persons with Developmental Disabilities (PDD) program, are already registered for the program and will automatically receive payments.

要闻速览Quick facts

• 鼓励艾伯塔人通过登录门户网站申请或检查他们的负担能力付款的状态。 Albertans are encouraged to apply for or check the status of their Affordability Payments by logging on to the portal.

• 如果您不确定或认为您已成为网络钓鱼诈骗的目标，请在线或致电 1-888-495-8501 向警方和加拿大反欺诈中心报告疑虑。 If you are ever uncertain or think you’ve been the target of a phishing scam, report concerns to the police and to the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre online or by calling 1-888-495-8501.

• 为获得支付能力支付申请方面的帮助，艾伯塔人可以： For help with affordability payment applications, Albertans can:

• 拨打经过验证的帐户支持热线 1-844-643-2789。 * Call the verified account support line at 1-844-643-2789.

• 拨打负担能力行动计划信息热线 1-844-644-9955。 * Call the Affordability Action Plan Information Line at 1-844-644-9955.

• 亲自访问任何注册代理或艾伯塔省支持中心，在 50 个地点以 100 多种语言免费获得支持。在申请期间，Alberta Supports 将从下午 4:30 开始延长工作时间。到晚上 8 点周一至周五，上午 9 点至下午 3 点在星期六。 * Visit any registry agent or Alberta Supports Centre in person to receive support in 50 locations and in more than 100 languages at no charge. During the application period, Alberta Supports is providing extended hours from 4:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Monday to Friday, and from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Saturdays.

• 与所有在线帐户一样，艾伯塔人应使用强密码，不要与其他任何人分享密码。申请网站上提供了有关如何创建强密码的提示。 As with all online accounts, Albertans should use strong passwords and not share their password with anyone else. Tips on how to create a strong password are available on the application site.

• 在线提供其他信息，包括操作视频和问题解答。 Additional information, including a how-to video and answers to questions, is available online.

相关信息Related information

• 申请负担能力付款 Apply for affordability payments

多媒体Multimedia

• 保护自己免受诈骗 Protecting yourself from scammers

FCGvisa translated, alberta.ca All Rights Reserved.